- Find a Comfortable Camp Site. Take your time scouting a flat, rock-free spot and clear away any sticks and pine cones before pitching your tent. If you are sensitive to light, try to avoid areas with a direct view of the night sky. The light from a gibbous or full moon can be bright enough to keep you awake. Open areas can be windy. Pitching your tent among trees will help block the moon and wind. Sleep with your head on the slope if you must pitch your tent on an incline. See more tips for finding a good campsite.
- Wear Earplugs. If noise at home easily awakens you, we suggest wearing earplugs on the trail. A night in the woods can be full of sounds you are not accustomed to hearing, such as coyotes howling, rodents, and other nocturnal animals wandering around your tent searching for food. Many people get spooked by these sounds and have trouble falling back asleep. Another option is to camp near moving water. The consistent sound of flowing water is soothing and will help mask strange sounds.
- Wear Comfortable Sleeping-only Clothes. Reserve your sleep clothes for the ones you wear at night only. If you tend to have cold feet at night, wear socks! If you have cold hands, wear gloves. Studies show that covering your hands and feet makes it easier for the body to control core temperature, thus improving sleep. This works because heating the extremities causes vasodilation—widening the blood vessels—which facilitates heat redistribution to other body parts. Lowered body temperature signals to the brain that it is time to fall asleep.
- Sleep with a Pillow. Use your sleeping bag stuff sack as a pillow case and stuff it with clothing you plan to wear the next day. Your clothes will be accessible the next morning. An inflating camp pillow is even better! Supporting your neck will improve sleep quality and reduce neck pain.
- Drink Water and Take an Antihistamine. When sleeping outside, most backpackers go to bed dehydrated and experience a runny or stuffy nose, contributing to poor sleep quality and morning aches. Staying hydrated helps with blood circulation and reduces the likelihood of headaches at higher altitudes. Take a drowsy-inducing antihistamine, such as Benadryl, within 1 hour of sleep with plenty of water. You want to drink enough water before sleeping, but not so much that you must wake to pee at night. If aches and pains typically awaken you, take a dose of aspirin before bedtime.
- Generate Body Heat before Sleep. Do some light exercise before you get into your tent at night. Jumping jacks will warm you quickly. If you are already inside your tent and feeling cold, why not bust out a few push-ups or sit-ups to get your blood flowing? Your body, not your sleeping bag, generates the heat you need to get warm. Your sleeping bag merely traps your body heat to keep you warm.
- Eat a Hot Meal. Eat a hot meal 2 – 3 hours before sleep and a light snack right before bed. The digestion process generates body heat and will help warm you on cold nights. Eat foods that induce sleep, such as those containing the amino acid L-tryptophan, a substance that increases the levels of melatonin and serotonin, which are necessary for rest. Chia seed, pumpkin seed, and soy are great plant sources of L-tryptophan. Avoid foods or drinks containing caffeine. A non-obvious source of caffeine is chocolate.
- Use Comfortable Sleeping Gear. Immobile soldier-like sleepers won’t have many problems using three-quarter-length pads and mummy bags. However, most humans tend to thrash around at night and like to curl up to fall asleep. Choose your gear to match your ideal sleep position. If you like to sleep fetal-style with your legs curled up, you will find sleeping in a mummy bag restrictive. Get a quilt or a sleeping bag that fully unzips instead. Also, consider the width and length of your sleeping pad. Avoid sleeping on a thin, narrow sleeping pad if you sleep on your side or toss and turn a lot. Otherwise, your hips, elbows, and shoulders will frequent the hard, cold ground. Side sleepers will find foam pads painful on the hips. Air mattresses are best for side or stomach sleepers. If you are tall, consider the length of your pad. Most people don’t sleep well if their legs dangle off a three-quarter-length pad.
- Maintain your Normal Sleep Schedule. After a long day of hiking, sleeping soon after dark is tempting. Stay awake close to your usual bedtime by stargazing or reading in your tent with your headlamp. Humans operate on daily wake and sleep patterns. No matter how tired you are, you should maintain your routine to feel your best.
- Practice Meditative Breathing to Fall Asleep. Alter your normal breathing by inhaling slowly through your nose and forcefully exhaling through your mouth. Continue to do this until your body is relaxed and your breathing becomes effortless.
If you are new to backpacking, keep in mind that getting good sleep in the wilderness takes practice and patience. Don’t be discouraged if you don’t sleep well the first few times you are in the great outdoors. With time and experience, you’ll learn what works best for you and develop strategies for getting a good night’s sleep.
Sleeping outside during the winter months can present greater challenges for staying warm. Here are a few tips for staying warm backpacking in cold weather.
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